Protein Article Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Protein Article - Research Paper Example In people, protein prerequisites rely upon age, sex and weight. As per World Health Organization fast development happens during the time of outset which ranges from 0-1 years. Development is comprised of increment in stature, weight and mass. It likewise includes the turn of events and development of different body frameworks. The fast increment in development is set apart by an expansion in the number and sizes of the body cells. This exclusively relies upon the measure of protein gave in the eating routine. As indicated by WHO, babies require about 0.8 g/kg body weight of dietary protein while as grown-ups require about 0.5g/kg for development (Scrimshaw, 2002). The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) advocates that a full term ought to be feed only on bosom milk for the initial a half year. Proteins establish 6% of bosom milk and are basic for the developing newborn child. As per the WHO, protein prerequisites are dictated by the heaviness of a person. Newborn children require more proteins as a level of body weight when contrasted with grown-ups. A baby who gauges a normal load of 10kg requires 11.8g/day of protein while a grown-up who weigh about 50kg requires about 42g/day (Barrett, 2009). This is on the grounds that newborn children have a high vitality request inferable from the high surface region to volume proportion. This implies newborn children misfortune more warmth than grown-ups subsequently have a higher caloric interest when contrasted with grown-ups. The digestive organs of an ordinary grown-up contain microscopic organisms otherwise called typical greenery. These creatures help in the breakdown of complex protein to basic amino acids which are handily retained. The separating of dietary proteins to absorbable amino acids additionally requires complex catalysts. In any case, in newborn children these components are not completely evolved (Barrett, 2009). This implies newborn children need to expend a lot of proteins to meet their day by day dietary necessity. Taking everything into account, protein prerequisites rely upon the age, sex and

Rebuttal essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reply - Essay Example Governmental policy regarding minorities in society generally implies giving particular treatment to different gatherings in the public arena either for scholarly or work purposes. These arrangements are focused to battle separation that has tormented American social orders for a considerable length of time. Definitely, America is alluded as a â€Å"melting pot† the same number of people originate from various foundations. While governmental policy regarding minorities in society is an intense endeavor to give penance the wrongdoings of past decades, governmental policy regarding minorities in society should be dispensed with since it prompts particular treatment, settles for the status quo for execution, and prompts switch segregation. The creator contends that governmental policy regarding minorities in society demand that assorted variety in school will deliver an all the more supporting condition. Despite the fact that that might be consistent with a specific degree, it doesn't reduce the way that an assorted homeroom is gotten from various conclusions, not really from a race setting. It isn't right to accept that assorted study hall will advance more thoughts since race has little to do with development. A few understudies that are not conceded dependent on a legitimacy status battle to exceed expectations in their posts. For example, a person who gets acknowledged to frameworks examiner position at IBM, will keep on battling on the off chance that he doesn't comprehend the nuts and bolts of the board data frameworks. On the off chance that that specific individual isn't equipped for taking care of the confused undertakings anticipated from him, at that point obviously he ought not have been utilized. The most exceedingly terrible part is the way that it has isolated the nation profoundly in the issue as the imperfections of this enactment are profound to the point that it gives a bit of leeway to minorities. The entire thought of opposite separation is an immense blemish in the author’s rationale in light of the fact that the creator demands it opens new entryways for circumstances. In any case, the creator neglects to deliver that it prompts special treatment. Envision a situation wherein a Caucasian and a minority both go after a high-capability position. For the

How to Manage Stressful People in Your Life

How to Manage Stressful People in Your Life Stress Management Management Techniques Print How to Manage Stressful People in Your Life By Mark Stibich, PhD  Mark Stibich, PhD, FIDSA, is a behavior change expert with experience helping individuals make lasting lifestyle improvements. Learn about our editorial policy Mark Stibich, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Carly Snyder, MD on November 12, 2019 facebook twitter linkedin Carly Snyder, MD is a reproductive and perinatal psychiatrist who combines traditional psychiatry with integrative medicine-based treatments.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Carly Snyder, MD Updated on February 04, 2020 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living kali9/Getty Images Learning to effectively manage stressful people is no easy feat. Too many people suffer from co-workers who make their jobs harder or families and friends who at best may be unaware of their negative impact, or at worst derive some satisfaction from it. Of the many negative feelings that can arise from dealing with difficult people, most will eventually boil down to emotional stress, which is the killer. Stress has been the subject of many a study in research dedicated to health and wellness (or, on the contrary, disease)?? and it has been shown to have a lasting impact on your mental state and physical health. Managing Stress and the People Who Cause It Everyone encounters daily stressors. Some are expected or even routine. Others catch us by surprise. Either way, we must manage some level of stress every day, and much of the time, we do it without even thinking about it. But there are still many times when we have to make a conscious effort to deal with the stress, and dealing with stressful or toxic people is just one of them. Whether their actions are frustrating, cruel, or simply negative, the best approach to working with stressful people is to be proactive and learn how to manage them and your stress. Here are five great tips for learning how to manage stressful people: 1. Be Proactive Because you have dealt with this person before, you can probably play the situation out in your head. You may even know exactly what they are going? to  do. Use that knowledge to decide what you are going to do. Be proactive and decide beforehand how you want to handle the situation and stick to that plan. You might just find this decision easier than dwelling in fear or negativity before the encounter, and it is certainly better than going in without a plan. 2. Control Your Reaction A person who doesnt care has tremendous power. If someone upsets you because of how they act, what they say, or what they believe, ask yourself: Why do I care? You cant change or control people, but you can control how you react to them. By taking the power of your response and reaction into your hands you not only provide a protective barrier, but you may just take the power away from them. 3. Dont Get on Their Emotional Bus Stressful people will try to take you on an emotional ride with them. They get angry, you get angry, and yelling happens. They get sad, you get sad, and everybodys sad. Dont get on their emotional bus. Listen, talk, and communicate, but dont let them control you by triggering unnecessary negative emotions. 4. Know What You Need and Your Goals When meeting with a stressful person, know beforehand what you need from the meeting. What are your goals? Keep those objectives in mind as the conversation ebbs and flows. Bring the talk back to your goals. If you can get your goals met, you have learned how to deal with this person. 5. Dont Dwell After your encounter with a particularly stressful person, dont dwell on it. If things went badly, do your best to rectify it or move on. You can be fairly certain that the stressful person isnt thinking about you and is on to the next victim. Dont allow a stressful interaction to ruin the rest of your day. That said, you can try to learn from your experience and create a plan for next time you are in that situation then let it go.

Personal Statement On Personal Religion - 1522 Words

Personal Religion I would describe my own personal faith to be Christian- Catholic, the same as my parent’s faith. I grew up being catholic. I was baptized, did my first communion and even did my confirmation. I believe in one God; but I also believe in God as a Trinity, Father, Son and Holy Spirit. I believe in Angels, Saints, and the old and new testament. I believe in Mary, God’s mother, and I also believe in all of Jesus’s apostles. We Catholics also believe in the devil, and that he is real, but we in no way possible worship him. I also believe that we have a heaven and a hell, and a purgatory. Heaven, I believe is the Garden of Eden, a beautiful place where there is no sadness, only love and where you get to reunite with all of your lost loved ones. Hell is a bad place where I would never want to go, people suffer there. According to the Bible, the purgatory is where the people that are destined to go to heaven go, to become free of their sins; it’s a place we call â€Å"temporary punishment†, but only for those who are in God’s grace but are not completely free of their sins. For us Catholics, heaven is a very beautiful and peaceful place. It is also a place where you live an eternity with happiness, and endless love. In heaven it’s a worry free zone. My dad always says it’s a place where there’s no homework, no bills, no worries. Just living in a beautiful place, for all eternity. Hell is a place where no one wants to be, it’s a place where there is a lot of suffering,Show MoreRelatedTeacher Handbook Essays1546 Words   |  7 Pagesin the classroom or in the grocery store. Teachers are granted the same personal freedoms as private citizen, but need to make sure their personal choices do not affect their ability to perform in the classroom as a school board employee. The following is a teacher handbook outlining the rights and responsibilities of teachers including: academic freedoms, freedom of association, and freedom of expression, freedom of religion, employment rights and responsibilities, and code of ethics. AcademicRead MoreChristians Should Not Press their Beliefs upon their Society838 Words   |  3 Pagestheir mouths. That these ‘geniuses’ would put down their own personal views and beliefs long enough to see the clear and logical answer. Instead, they are clouded by their ingrained thought and thus cannot give an unbiased opinion. Julius R. Oppenheimer is a perfect example. This exemplary theoretical physicist and scholar was man was quoted by theologian and philosopher Francis Schaeffer as saying: â€Å"Christianity is just a person’s personal belief, while modern science is a fact. Christians shouldRead MoreAnalysis Of William James829 Words   |  4 Pages ¨The Will to Believe and Other Essays in Popular Philosophy, William explains different philosophical beliefs while also challenging them and supporting the right to believe in a religion or even life itself. William James style of writing is more Expository mainly due to his explanation of different philosophies/religions but showing pros and cons of many different philosophies. We can see William James’ writing style explain certain philosophies and guidelines to them, along with his beliefs throughRead MoreDefinition Of Meaning Of The Creed1302 Words   |  6 Pagesbelieve. However creed and confessions of belief are not to be confused. While a statement of faith such as I believe only pertains to the person a creed specifically unites all persons. In a general sense of creed defines the way in which a person or group live out their life including all of their actions and morals. In this way a creed allows for a sense of personal identity to be expressed, ergo a way of personal and social morals to be constructed. However morals never necessarily have a rightRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Going Clear : Scientology, Hollywood, And The Prison Of Belief By Lawrence Wright1162 Words   |  5 Pagestakes an inside look at Scientology, with interviews and accounts from former Scientologists such as Paul Haggis and Mark Rathbun, important church offici als such as David Miscavige and Tom Cruise, and the founder: Ron L. Hubbard. Scientology is a religion which claims to lead one’s spirit on a path to eventual enlightenment and understanding of one’s spiritual nature.Going Clear details the horrors and unveils the mysteries surrounding this church. Going Clear is separated into three parts: Part One-Read MoreReligion-Week 1764 Words   |  4 Pageswhether you agree or disagree with the notion that religion and science can coexist. Name at least two (2) key points from the podcast that substantiate your position. I do believe that religion and science can coexist. In the interview the commentator explains that one of professor Francisco Ayalas (Faith Matters. 2010, April 02) statements was that science and religion need not be in contradiction if they are properly understood..... religion explains why and science explains how..... butRead MoreThe Reason For God : Christian Values And Biblical Faith Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pagesfor their belief giving a clearer picture to nonbelievers or believers of other religions. This leads to Tim Keller’s introduction of his book a Reason For God, where he challenges the believer, â€Å"†¦to ask the hard questions about why they believe†¦ (p. Xvi).† This statement led me to investigating my own faith so that it moves from inheritance to my own personal belief. Many Christians have encountered this statement, which I thought this would be simplistic to address: 1. â€Å"Or some might protest thatRead MoreTilich, Marx and Feuerbach637 Words   |  3 Pagesethical value associated to their belief. Indeed, man is the only living being that â€Å"has spiritual concerns- cognitive, aesthetic, social, and political.† (1) Therefore, faith is an act that reflects total personality, it happens in the center of personal life and all the elements mentioned are included. Therefore, a person is free in the sense that their faith comes from within. Their faith is developed through the freedom they possess to carry out centered acts of personality. It is evident, thenRead MoreBill Nye s Controversial Debate1552 Words   |  7 Pagesresearch it is my belief that scientists should not be involved within any debates â€Å"scientific† or otherwise regarding topics pertaining to creationism or any other religious perspective. The inappropriate use of the loose definitions of science and religion lead to the intertwining of the two subjects tha t are extremely different in methodology, leaving the audience up for misinterpretation. While the debate did bring about the topic to the forefront of the public, which in itself was a positive, IRead MoreThe Shack By William P. Young1619 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Evangicalism† in The Shack Despite its messages in regard to religion, faith, and God which have touched many people, The Shack by William P. Young has been denounced by many conservative Christian critics and writers, some who have gone so far as to call the book â€Å"heresy† (Woodbridge 77). Thus, there is apparently a difference between how general readers read and interpret the content of this book and how conservative Christian readers look at it. The divergence of viewpoint on The Shack

Obesity Is A Major Issue - 844 Words

Obesity is a major issue that has plagued many Americans in the past 50 years. Obesity is not something that should be taken lightly as it is known to lead to multiple health concerns and overall lower life expectancy. Unfortunately, the rate of obesity of children under the age of 19 has drastically increased from where it was in 1971. Also, there was a notable spike in the last 10 years and these rates continue to rise (Pineros-Leano). So why the recent spike? The fast-food industry. Despite the industry effort to reduce the marketing aimed and children, fast-food advertising for kids has only increased (Melnick). Targeting children at such a vulnerable time in their lives is a shameful strategy that has had remarkable success. At the end of the day the goal of these companies is to make as much of a profit as possible, they do not care about the obesity rate or what their food is doing to their consumers. Childhood obesity is an issue that needs to be addressed and in order for us to do that we have to recognize what these fast-food companies are doing and find a solution to ending this advertising to kids. Obesity is defined as being over the 95th percentile in BMI and is something that affects mental, physical, emotional and even spiritual health. It is associated with multiple physical health consequences such as asthma, sleep apnea, risk for type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, risk for hypertension, coronary heart disease, etc. The mental/emotional healthShow MoreRelatedObesity : A Major Issue1472 Words   |  6 Pages OBESITY Obesity is a major issue in the U.S.A. It is among the highest health problems in the U.S.A. Obesity can lead to heart disease, diabetes, some types of cancers, and can also lead to death .Two out of three Americans are considered to be obese. For a better future of the country obesity must be stopped. When the technology was not much advanced and people used to work manually, using their own minds because of which people were fitRead MoreObesity : A Major Issue Worldwide981 Words   |  4 PagesPrabina Dhakal Professor Micah Heatwole English 1301-7 24 October, 2014 Dieting Makes People Fat Obesity has become a major issue worldwide. It has not been that long, since American Medical Association recognized obesity as a disease. People should change their lifestyles and eat healthy to be fit. However, whenever the topic of weight comes up, the issue of dieting presents itself. People believe dieting is the answer to be fit or to be in shape. In this sophisticated world, priorityRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Major Health Issue1731 Words   |  7 Pages Abstract Childhood obesity is a major health issue nationwide and globally. This has been going on for many years and childhood obesity has increased tremendously. The main problem is the difference between calorie ingestion and calories consumed. Other influences (hereditary, developmental, and environmental) can also affect obese children. Physical, emotional, and public health issues causes pain and suffering for many children. The process of obesity growth is not completely understoodRead MoreObesity : A Major Healthcare Issue Worldwide1643 Words   |  7 PagesObesity is one major healthcare issue worldwide. This occurs in any race, gender, and ethnicity. In fact, individuals have been struggling with this problem way before the simplest sexually transmitted diseases were ever discovered. Buchwald (2003) states that, â€Å"An individual usually is considered obese when his or her body mass index (BMI) is over 30 percent.† Although it can occur in any individual, obesity is deter mined after a few factors: gender, height, and age. A physician is usually the oneRead MoreObesity Is A Major Public Health Issue917 Words   |  4 PagesObesity in the United States is a major public health issue. According to prevalence data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES) 2011-2012, 34% of US adults are overweight (BMI 25-29.9), 35.1% obese (BMI 30-39.9) and 6.4% morbidly obese (BMI ≠¥40). NHANES does not include incarcerated individuals in the surveys. The 2011-2012 United States Bureau of Justice, National Inmate Survey, indicated the prevalence of overweight, obesity and morbid obesity for state and federalRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Major Health Issue1314 Words   |  6 PagesChildhood obesity is a major health issue. The number of overweight children in the United States is at an all time high and rising at a steadfast pace. For us to understand the impact of obesity and why we should prevent it, we will need to take a look at w hat has contributed to the epidemic in the first place. First we need to take a look at childhood obesity, even if children are slightly overweight and not quite obese at childhood, their childhood is laying the foundation for possible obesity in theirRead MoreObesity Is A Major Issue That Our Country Faces Today950 Words   |  4 PagesI chose to write about a cartoon from Times Magazine that focuses on Obesity in America by Joe Heller. Obesity is a major issue that our country faces today. After analyzing this cartoon I wanted to further my understandings to what it meant. In this article we see that the American Medical Association (AMA) is a main variable. They stated that â€Å"moderately overweight people live longer†. That is a bold statement and what I want to know is does having extra body fat really allow you to live longerRead More Critiquing Internet Sources The author is keen in analyzing the issue of excessive consumption of800 Words   |  4 Pages \ Critiquing Internet Sources The author is keen in analyzing the issue of excessive consumption of alcohol among college students. He acknowledges that excessive drinking is a common problem among college and university students and wants to explore why such students indulge in such a risky behavior. The author uses a reliable number of students when looking at the drinking problem and chooses the correct age, which is students below 21 years (Dodd et al, 2010). The results of the author’sRead MoreObesity : Becoming A Public Concern1654 Words   |  7 Pages Executive Summary Obesity has become an epidemic in American societies that has become a public concern. According to the American Obesity Association (AOA), overweight and obesity rates are higher than ever in America’s youth. Obesity is the fastest growing cause of disease in American society today. Some of the major health concerns for today’s youth with obesity include severe asthma, Diabetes, Hypertension, orthopedic complications and sleep apnea. Researchers have come up with manyRead MoreObesity Is A Global Issue1568 Words   |  7 PagesA steadily increase in childhood obesity has gained the awareness of everyone. Many are wondering that today s obese children may turn into the generations next obese adults. Obesity is a global issue, and being knowledgeable of the causes is an affection way of prevention. Technology, foods, and genes all factor into the childhood obesity epidemic. For example, â€Å"McDonald s even has toys in their food, increasing production and influencing students to eat it more† (Qtd. by Marcia). It is certainly

Divorce Across the Lifespan Free Essays

string(33) " the risk of emotional problems\." Divorce Across the Lifespan Final Paper Elizabeth Seckler for Laurie Bulock FST 602 (Human Development Across the Lifespan) MAFS-J003 October 27, 2011 â€Å"I do†. Two small words with such a big meaning. Although fewer individuals are marrying today, nearly 90% of Americans will eventually â€Å"tie the knot† (Goldstein and Kenney, as cited by Cherlin, 2011, pg. We will write a custom essay sample on Divorce Across the Lifespan or any similar topic only for you Order Now 300). However, the meaning of marriage is appearing to lose its effect on individuals, as divorce has become epidemic in the United States (Hoelter, as cited by Santrock, 2011, pg. 459). Since 1960, the divorce rate has varied through the years, increasing considerably from 1960 to 1980, then gradually declining from the early 1980s to 2005, but recently increasing from 2005 to 2007 (Popenoe, as cited by Santrock, 2011, pg. 459). Divorce is a major disruption in the family life-cycling process, adding complexity to whatever developmental tasks the family member is experiencing in its present phase (Peck and Manocherian, 1988, pg. 335). The negative impact of divorce is so strong that children of divorced parents struggle as adults to create a positive, healthy family environment for their own children. All too often, adults who experienced divorce as children prove less capable of breaking the cycle and instead pass on a legacy of tragedy to their children and their children’s children (Fagan and Rector, 2000, pg. 17). Therefore, divorce does not just impact the individual at the time of the dissolution. Instead, divorce negatively impacts an individual in every stage of life. Infancy Of the stages of development across the lifespan, it may appear that infants are the least affected by divorce. However, while babies may not understand anything about separation or divorce, they do notice changes in their parents’ response to them, which impacts future development. According to psychoanalytic theorist, Erik Erikson, who developed eight stages of human development, the first psychosocial stage experienced in the first year of life is called trust vs. mistrust. Trust in infancy sets the stage for a lifelong expectation that the world will be a good and pleasant place to live (Santrock, 2011, pg. 23). Therefore, the foundation of all human interactions is trust. The degree to which trust is present will determine the nature and depth, as well as the length of relationships. If children develop basic trust, they progress through the rest of the developmental stages in a healthy way. However, if mistrust is the primary concept developed in infancy (as in a situation of divorce), the subsequent developmental stages are damaged (Rhodes, 2000, pg. 9). Still, Erikson’s trust vs. mistrust is not resolved once and for all in the first year of life. Children who leave infancy with a sense of trust can still have their sense of mistrust activated at a later stage if their parents are separated or divorced under conflicting circumstances (Santrock, 20011, pg. 187). Additionally, babies experience the distress of the parents and become aware of the changes, and comings and goings of both parents and other caretakers as they form emotional ties. The combination of distressed and/or unavailable parents can create demanding or withdrawn children. As children approach the age of two, their striving toward independence is closely tied to feeling secure; with the loss of a parent, this security is threatened (Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 347). Early Childhood Parents who are struggling with their own sense of failure, anger, guilt, and loss have difficulty providing a stabilizing, consistent environment for their children. This is especially hard for preschoolers who are developmentally starting to move away from home and toward peers and school. They have the beginnings of a sense of morality, combined with difficulty in distinguishing between their thoughts and reality, and thus are especially vulnerable to guilt and confusion (Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 347). They may regress developmentally in a number of ways: separation anxiety, sleep disturbances, bed wetting, clinginess, fear of any leave taking, and aggressive fantasies (Wallerstein Kelly, as cited by Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 347). Middle Late Childhood The impact of divorce on children of this age is more profound (Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 51). Children six to eight seem to have the hardest time of any age group (Wallerstein and Kelly, as cited by Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 351), as they are old enough to realized what is happening, but do not have adequate skills to deal with the disruption. They often feel a sense of responsibility, experience tremendous grief, and have a pervasive sadness and yearning for the departed parent. At the same time, they experience recurring fantasies of reconciliation and often think that they have the power to make it happen (Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 51). Additionally, children of divorced parents have lower grades and other measures of academic achievement, are more likely to be held back, and are more likely to drop out of school (Institute for American Values, 2011, pg. 27). Adolescence Adolescence is a stage filled with many changes, both physical and emotional. It is a time when children are beginning their own process of leaving home and forming an identity separate from their parents. At the threshold of young adulthood, relationships take center stage (Wallerstein, Lewis and Blakeslee, 2000, pg. 32). However, the divorce of parents make romance and courtship more difficult and tenuous for the adolescence as they reach adulthood, and the effects on dating seem to be the strongest when divorce takes place during the child’s teenage years (Fagan Rector, 2000). Older teenagers and young adults date more often, have more failed romantic relationships, and experience a more rapid turnover of dating partners. Not surprisingly, this leads to a great number of sexual partners, which in itself creates a grave risk that one will acquire an STD (Fagan Rector, 2000). Because of their own unsettled nature, adolescents’ reactions to divorce include anger, a desire for a stable home, and a need for clear boundaries between them and their parents (Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 354). For those teenagers who were already having difficulties, divorce creates an added burden, increasing the risk of emotional problems. You read "Divorce Across the Lifespan" in category "Papers" In addition to the sexual acting out and multiple partners, children at this age may engage in self-destructive behavior, such as truancy, school failure and substance abuse, (Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 354). Emerging Adulthood While the effects on dating seem to be the strongest when the divorce takes place during the child’s teenage years, they also carry over into adulthood (Fagan Rector, 2000). In a twenty-five year study, Judith Wallerstein (2000) found that the effects of divorce on children crescendo as they enter adulthood. Their relationships with the opposite sex were often impaired by acute fears of betrayal and abandonment, and many also complained that they had never witnessed a man and a woman in a happy relationship and doubted that achieving such a relationship was possible (Wallerstein, Lewis and Blakeslee, 2000, pg. 2). A recent growth of cohabitation flows in part from the loss of confidence that many children of divorce have in marriage. Having witnessed divorce up close, many young adults are afraid that they will not achieve lifelong love and they feel handicapped in their search for love and marriage by their lack of models of a happy relationship between a man and a woman, th eir lack of knowledge about how to resolve differences, and their expectation of betrayal and abandonment by their partner (Institute for American Values, 2011, pg. 3). In addition, parental divorce increases the odds by 50 percent that adult children who do choose to marry will also divorce; this is partly because children of divorce are more likely to marry prematurely and partly because children of divorce often marry other children of divorce, thereby making their marriage even more unstable and uncertain (Institute for American Values, 2011, pg. 19). Because of increased life expectancy, a growing trend is divorce in families with children being launched (Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 56). While divorce in childhood affects the development of emerging adulthood, a parental divorce in emerging adulthood has a profound impact, as well. When children are no longer the major focus of a couple, marriages become vulnerable and a decision is made to divorce. It may be that divorce occu rs when parents who have stayed together â€Å"for the children† now feel free to end a long and unhappy marriage (Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 357). Despite the fact that they may be out of the parental home, divorce can be very stressful for young adults, with a sense of increased responsibility to their parents and a vulnerability to loyalty conflicts. In addition, young adults may experience a sense of loss of family home, abandonment by parents, and a concern about their own marriage (Ahrons, as cited by Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 356). The biggest risk for the adult child is when the parents â€Å"hold on to them† or assume the role of substitute spouse to fill the loneliness. When the parents are unable to make a meaningful new start, the children may have difficulty moving forward with their own lives (Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 357). Middle Adulthood Divorce in middle adulthood may be more negative than divorce in early adulthood (Santrock, 2011, pg. 515). When divorce occurs for the couple in later life, it reverberates like a shock wave throughout the entire family and there may be three generations of family members whose lives will be altered by divorce (Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 59). The children’s reactions and perceived responsibilities become key aspects of the divorce-adjustment process during this phase. Each parent may want to become reinvolved with the children in a way that is inappropriate; in a role reversal, children may now feel burdened by their parents (Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 359). In addition, the emotional and time commitment to marriage that had existed for so many years may be not lightly given up by one partner (Santrock, 2011, pg. 515). Many midlife individuals perceive a divorce as failing in the best years of their life. The divorcer might see the situation as an escape from an unsustainable relationship, but the divorced partner usually sees it as a betrayal, or the ending of a relationship that had been built up over many years and that involved a great deal of commitment and trust (Santrock, 2011, pg. 515). An unwanted, unexpected divorce at this stage is traumatic, even when the marriage has been unsatisfactory to each for many years. Starting over as a single person is very difficult, particularly when there is not a clear sense of identity apart from the roles within the marriage. It is especially hard to find renewed meaning in life at this stage of the lifespan (Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 359). Additionally, divorce has negative emotional effects on both divorced men and women as they complain of loneliness, diminished self-esteem, anxiety about the unknowns in their lives, and difficulty forming satisfactory new intimate relationships (Hetherington, as cited by Santrock, 2011, pg. 460). A recent study reveled that following marital dissolution, both men and women were more likely to experience an episode of depression than individuals who remained with a spouse over a two-year period (Rotermann, as cited by Santrock, 2011, pg. 460). Other impacts include the lowering of the economic standing of some middle-aged and older women who have a limited number of options (Mitchell, as cited by Santrock, 2011, pg. 515). Late Adulthood As stated in infancy, Erikson developed eight stages of human development. Individuals experience the eighth stage, integrity versus despair, in late adulthood. This stage involves reflecting on the past and either piecing together a positive review or concluding that one’s life has not been well spent (Santrock, 2011, pg. 594). A well-adjusted older adult feels acceptance with his life and choices; however, when an individual is embroiled in divorce, he has despair and regret over their marital outcomes, thus not experiencing his full potential at this last stage of development. Additionally, in this stage of life, the divorced individuals’ parents may be dead, and their children and siblings involved with their own lives. As a result, they may feel very isolated from their usual social network and that their opportunities are limited. If one spouse has been left by the other, he often feels ashamed, humiliated, and as a result may isolate himself from former ties and may not have the energy or desire to form new relationships (Peck Manocherian, 1988, pg. 360). Furthermore, there are social, financial, and physical consequences of divorce for older adults (Mitchell, as cited by Santrock, 2011, pg. 607). Divorce can weaken kinship ties when it occurs in later life, especially in the case of older men (Cooney, as cited by Santrock, 2011, pg. 07), and divorced older women are less likely to have adequate financial resources than married older women (Santrock, 2011, pg. 607). Divorce is also linked to more health problems in older adults (Lillard Waite, as cited by Santrock, 2011, pg. 607). Why do individuals who are happily married live longer, healthier lives than divorced individuals? People in happy marriages likely feel less physically stressed, which puts less wear and tear on a person’s body; such wear and tear can lead to numerous physical ailments, such as high blood pressure and hart disease (Waite, as cited by Santrock, 011, pg. 459). Conclusion Divorce has universal ill effects on individuals in all stages of life development. If the family is the building block of society, then marriage is the foundation. However, as fewer adults enter into marriage, more adults leave it in divorce, and more adults begin cohabitating, the foundation of marriage is growing weaker and weaker (Fagan Rector, 2000, pg. 32). It is best stated by Wallerstein et al. (2000): Divorce is a life-transforming experience. After divorce, childhood is different. Adolescence is different. Adulthood- with the decision to marry or not and have children or not- is different. Whether the final outcome is god or bad, the whole trajectory of an individual’s life is profoundly altered by the divorce experience. Marriage is not merely a private preference, but also a social and public good. Concerned citizens, as well as scholars, need to be aware of the long-term consequences of divorces happening every day in America and the implications it has on the stages of development across the lifespan. References Cherlin, A. J. (2011). The deinstitutionalization of American marriage. In A. Guest (Ed. ), Taking Sides: Clashing views in life span development (3rd ed. , pp. 294-307). New York: McGraw-Hill Fagan, P. F. , Rector R. (2000). The effects of divorce on America (Research Report No. 1373). Retrieved from the Heritage Foundation website: http://www. heritage. org/library/ backgrounder/bg1373. html Institute for American Values. (2011). Why marriage matters, thirty conclusions from the social sciences . New York: Institute for American Values. Peck, J. S. amp; Manocherian, J. R. (1988). Divorce in the changing family life cycle. In B. Carter and M. McGoldrick (Ed. ), Changing family life cycle: a framework for family therapy (2nd ed. , pp. 335-369). Prentice Hall College Div Rhodes, J. L. (2000, Winter). The impact of divorce across the developmental stages. Paradigm, winter 2000. Retrieved from http://www. sequeltsi. com/files/library/The_Impact_of_ Divorce_on_Development. pdf Santrock, J. W. (2011). Life-spa n development (13th ed. ). New York: McGraw-Hill Wallerstein, J. S. , Lewis, J. M. , and How to cite Divorce Across the Lifespan, Papers

Man And The Ozone Essays - Ultraviolet Radiation, Gases,

Man And The Ozone Man and the Ozone Ozone is perhaps one of the singularly most important molecules there is. No, not because man came from ozone, but because it forms a protective layer above the earth in its stratosphere which allowed for the growth of life upon land. Before we had an ozone layer, the rays of the sun struck the earth unimpeded, barraging it with the deadly ultraviolet radiation which prohibited any chance of life on earth. However, there was life in the oceans, plant life in particular. This plant life may seem unimportant, especially since it is algae that is being given the spotlight. The algae in the ocean produces oxygen gas (O2), which would rise through the water and up into the air, there it would be struck by the ultraviolet radiation, which changed the O2 into O3, which is ozone. This ozone gas has the unique ability to block out the vast majority of sunlights harmful ultraviolet radiation. This afforded for the growth of life on the earths surface. Despite the ozone layer, which helps block UV light and its radiation, some still gets through and can affect us. First it causes a nice looking tan, or a painful sunburn, however, deeper than that, it is wreaking havoc upon the skin cells, though this damage is cumulative, and is not visible for along time, it does great harm. In fact, ultraviolet radiation is the number one cause of skin cancer, and its occurrence is still rising. This rise in cases of skin cancer could be linked to a dramatic change in the atmosphere - the loss of ozone. Over the past decades, scientists have begun to study the atmosphere and the ozone layer. They have noticed a marked reduction in the amount of ozone that is protecting the earth from the suns harmful UV rays. Before, the amount of ozone in the atmosphere was kept in check by methane gas released from the most mundane of things (like termites). This methane gas would break down small amounts of ozone to keep it from getting to thick, and blocking too much of the suns light, or from causing damage to the animals on land. However, as the scientists work has shown, this delicate balance has been disrupted by the pollution produced by man. There are many factors that contribute to the pollution that is destroying the atmosphere, like the byproducts from major industries and manufacturing, of which millions of tons are released into the atmosphere yearly. But the most dangerous po llutant comes form smaller, yet more numerous items: air conditioning units, freezers, refrigerators, aerosol spray cans, and styrofoam products. The one thing which all of theses items have in common is Chloro-Fluorocarbons or CFCc. CFCs are used in all of those products because they are very stable, and non-reactive. That is, they are not flammable, and they will not react with other chemicals. Because they are so stable, CFCs are not very biodegradable, and thus have a long time to get into the atmosphere and destroy ozone molecules. Once CFCs reach the atmosphere, they come in contact with ultraviolet radiation that breaks them down and converts them into Chlorine atoms, which in turn react with the ozone molecules. It is estimated that each Chlorine atom is responsible for the destruction of 100,000 molecules of ozone. That is 300,000 oxygen atoms for each atom of Chlorine. This destruction of ozone is most obvious in the north and south poles of the earth, where there has been an estimated 30-40% decrease in ozone levels, and a 100% increase in Chlorine levels. Part of this is due to the unique winter-vortex that is caused by polar winds in the winter, which effectively keep polar air from being recirculate d. This air is later released, and goes over Australia and New Zealand, which then experience their highest annual levels of UV radiation. So why should we be worried about this trend? Well, it is estimated that for every 1% drop in ozone levels there is 10,000 more cases of skin cancer developed in the U.S. alone. This is truly a very costly effect, not only monetarily, but also on peoples emotions and quality of life. So what

Sexuality on Television and Teen Pregnancy Essay Example

Sexuality on Television and Teen Pregnancy Essay Example Sexuality on Television and Teen Pregnancy Essay Sexuality on Television and Teen Pregnancy Essay By Nichole Crawford We live in a society that is fueled by instant gratification, exaggerated sexuality and an ever-increasing lack of moral values. Through both poor role models and a highly sexualized media, the adolescents of today are constantly presented with a â€Å"lassiez-faire† projection of sex. Rarely do these images accurately portray the very real damage that irresponsibility and a lack of planning can do to the lives of young adults. In fact, some of the portrayals in today’s media do just the opposite, by encouraging teens to behave irresponsibly in regard to their sex lives. This is evidence in reality-style shows like â€Å"Teen Mom† and â€Å"16 and Pregnant†, which glorify teen sexuality and the consequences it can lead to. By airing television shows about teen moms on television, we are encouraging our young girls to repeat the behavior they see. Glorifying these girls’ choices to have unprotected sex at such a young age is irresponsible. There is little doubt in anyone’s mind of the turbulence that accompanies adolescence. It is a hormone-filled roller coaster of confusion, excitement and increased interest in sexuality. In recent years, with the internet boom and the increase in available television channels, it has become the norm for sex to be the topic in almost any available programming. From regular primetime shows to cable shows to commercials, sex can be found as a central theme. With children, teenagers, and young adults being exposed to so much sexuality, we can assume that it must have an impact on the development of their sexuality and their sexually-based decisions. The parents of teenagers and their children participated in one study in which they were asked questions in an attempt to determine how the media influenced them sexually (Werner-Wilson 303-311). The results were conclusive, and showed that teens did not believe the media had much influence of their decisions. Their parents, however, expressed more concern. As one parent put it the images on television were â€Å"pornography set to music† (page 310) and the concern was widespread that it would have a negative impact on their children’s’ choices. This is a concern that should not be easily dismissed. The study concluded that the teens were essentially unaware of the influence the media had on their decision making (311). Because it is unlikely for teenagers to be able to make a distinction on their own, parents should make an effort to sit with their children on occasion and observe their television choices, to monitor their intake of televised sexuality and discuss the unhealthy or dangerous decisions being made in the programming. Essentially, parents should assume a watchful and careful role in their children’s television decisions. We can hope that by taking such an interest in the television programming their children watch, parents can ward off any negative influence that sexually-charged programming can have on behavior. Another such study performed in a Northeastern high school had a goal of profiling television use among high school television viewers, with a specific interest in the sexual content in these programs (Schooler, pg. 484-508). The study divided the participants into groups and measured the amount of sexual content in each group’s television consumption. They found that the programs with higher sexual content was viewed by more of the study participants as a whole then were the programs with low sexual content, regardless of the genre of the show (503). This finding suggests that these adolescents do not realize the extent to which they are influences by the sexual content, because they believed that they were choosing the shows based on the genre, not the sexual content. As the author of the study findings puts it: â€Å"it appears that some teens who regularly watch higher levels of sexual content may be doing so somewhat inadvertently (504). This finding further emphasizes the need for parents to take an active role in helping their teenagers become aware of what they are watching, and how it impacts their thinking and behavior, because if they are unknowingly watching these highly sexualized shows, they may also unknowingly behave in a way that is portrayed in these programs. When taking these facts into consideration regarding teen sexuality and teen pregnancy, it can be safely assumed that these shows play at least a small role in the way that today’s teens view sexuality and, in turn, their own sexual behavior. One form of sexual content that poses a particular problem is so-called â€Å"reality† television. Shows that show romantic and sexual themes, presented in a realistic format give teenagers, especially female teenagers, a false sense of reality. The shows fail to depict accurate scenarios in the dating world, which leads to unrealistic expectations. When combined with insufficient knowledge about the dangers of risky sexual behavior, the shows perpetuate the possible problems that exist for teenagers in both romantic and sexual scenarios. These shows, while being called â€Å"reality TV† are unrealistic about the actual dating world as it exists today. Rarely do the characters on these shows experience real consequences from their behavior, such as pregnancy or STD’s, and in that sense, they fail to prepare the viewers for what is actual reality. This leads teens into situations with unrealistic expectations for their own encounters. In a study performed to determine the correlation between romantically themed reality television and teenage behavior, it was found that â€Å"[Romantically themed reality television] is a significant of girls’ frequency of sexual conversations with their peers and boys’ perceptions of the sexual experience levels of their peers (Vandenbosch, page 578). When these shows are viewed adolescents who watch them talk about sex more frequently with their friends; without also increasing the frequency of educational conversations about sex, this increases the risk of sexually irresponsible behavior. These shows do not depict sex and romance in a way that encourages furthered learning abo ut responsible sex, rather, it depicts sex as having little or no consequences in the lives of the people engaging in it. It is human nature that the things to which we devote our energy become increasingly a part of our lives, so if the adolescent’s time is increasingly spent watching sexually themed television, and then subsequently talking about it, they will spend an increasing amount of time involved in related behaviors. This leads to an increased risk of unplanned pregnancy and STD’s simply because the amount of sexual experiences should increase according to the amount of time spent watching and then discussing sexually themed television and other media. Not only does a sexually-themed medium increase the likelihood of sexual behavior in adolescents, but it also increases the likelihood that teens will experience consequences or regrets after such behavior. For example, after watching and discussing a show with a high amount of sexual content, a female teenage viewer may go and behave similarly to a character on the show. She may be misguided in her expectation because of the outcome on the show, and when her encounter fails to meet her expectations, she may come to regret her experience. Not only is regret a very real risk, but if the shows fails to depict necessary protection use by the character, it is likely that the teen may not think to use such measures in her own encounters. In this way, television content about romantic and sexual encounters sets adolescents for disappointment and an increased risk of unwanted consequences. According to one study involving teens’ media exposure to sex and the likelihood of regretting their first sexual encounter: â€Å"teenagers exposed to high levels of sex on television will be more likely than their peers to regret their first sexual experience† (Berry, page 93). While this may be related to an emotional aspect of the encounter, it is also fairly likely that it is due to the experience of unwanted consequences to the sexual behavior such as pregnancy or sexually transmitted diseases. The study found also that increased television exposure led to earlier sexual experiences and also states that â€Å"earlier age at first sex is correlated with elevates risks of both pregnancy and STD’s. (Berry, 97)† Given these findings, as well as the findings in other studies regarding the media influence on adolescents, we can draw the following conclusions. First, teenagers who watch television programming are largely unaware of the influence it has on their own personal sexual behavior. Parents of such teens seem to be more aware of the influence it can have, although are unlikely to try to change the media intake of their children. Secondly, the viewing of sexual media leads to an increase in discussions of, and possibly involvement in, sexual activity. The involvement in such activity is rarely paired with education about sexual safety when it is influenced by sexual media. Lastly, teens who watch a high volume of sexually themed television are more likely to regret their first sexual experience. This can be because of unrealistic expectations, or can come from unwanted consequences such as STD’s and pregnancy. All of these facts should be taken into consideration when choosing what to allow our children to watch. While it would be nearly impossible to completely eliminate sexual content, it is possible and probably necessary to attempt to regulate it for children and teenagers. By oing so, we can probably reduce the number of unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. Berry, Sandra H et al. â€Å"It’s Better on TV: Does Television Set Teenagers Up For Regret Following Sexual Initiation? † Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, Volume 41, Number 2, June 2009. Pages 92-96. Academic Search Premier. Web. 1 Nov. 2012 Schooler, Deborah et al. â€Å"Beyond Exposure: A Person-Oriented Approach to Adolescent Media Di ets† Journal of Research on Adolescence; Volume 19 (3) 2009, Page 484-508. Academic Search Premier. Web. 1 Nov. 2012 Vandenbosch, Laura, and Steven Eggermont. Temptation Island, The Bachelor, Joe Millionaire : A Prospective Cohort Study On The Role Of Romantically Themed Reality Television In Adolescents Sexual Development.   Journal Of Broadcasting amp; Electronic Media  55. 4 (2011): 563-580. Academic Search Premier. Web. 1 Nov. 2012. Werner-Wilson, Ronald Jay et al. â€Å"Adolescent and Parent Perceptions of Media Influence on Adolescent Sexuality† Adolescence; summer 2004, Vol. 39 Issue 154, p303-313. Academic Search Premier. Web. 1 Nov. 2012

How to Use the NORM.INV Function in Excel

How to Use the NORM.INV Function in Excel Statistical calculations are greatly sped up with the use of software. One way to do these calculations is by using Microsoft Excel. Of the variety of statistics and probability that can be done with this spreadsheet program, we will consider the NORM.INV function. Reason for Use Suppose that we have a normally distributed random variable denoted by x. One question that can be asked is, â€Å"For what value of x do we have the bottom 10% of the distribution?† The steps that we would go through for this type of problem are: Using a standard normal distribution table, find the z score that corresponds to the lowest 10% of the distribution.Use the z-score formula, and solve it for x. This gives us x   ÃŽ ¼ zÏÆ', where  ÃŽ ¼ is the mean of the distribution and  ÃÆ' is the standard deviation.Plug in all of our values into the above formula. This gives us our answer. In Excel the NORM.INV function does all of this for us. Arguments for NORM.INV To use the function, simply type the following into an empty cell: NORM.INV( The arguments for this function, in order, are: Probability – this is the cumulative proportion of the distribution, corresponding to the area in the left-hand side of the distribution.Mean - this was denoted above by ÃŽ ¼, and is the center of our distribution.Standard Deviation - this was denoted above by ÏÆ' and accounts for the spread of our distribution. Simply enter each of these arguments with a comma separating them. After the standard deviation has been entered, close the parentheses with ) and press the enter key. The output in the cell is the value of x that corresponds to our proportion. Example Calculations We will see how to use this function with a few example calculations. For all of these, we will assume that IQ is normally distributed with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. The questions we will answer are: What is the range of values of the lowest 10% of all IQ scores?What is the range of values of the highest 1% of all IQ scores?What is the range of values of the middle 50% of all IQ scores? For question 1 we enter NORM.INV(.1,100,15). The output from Excel is approximately 80.78. This means that scores less than or equal to 80.78 comprise the lowest 10% of all IQ scores. For question 2 we need to think a little before using the function. The NORM.INV function is designed to work with the left portion of our distribution. When we ask about an upper proportion we are looking at the right-hand side. The top 1% is equivalent to asking about the bottom 99%. We enter NORM.INV(.99,100,15). The output from Excel is approximately 134.90. This means that scores greater than or equal to 134.9 comprise the top 1% of all IQ scores. For question 3 we must be even more clever. We realize that the middle 50% is found when we exclude the bottom 25% and the top 25%. For the bottom 25% we enter NORM.INV(.25,100,15) and obtain 89.88.For the top 25% we enter NORM.INV(.75, 100, 15) and obtain 110.12   NORM.S.INV If we are only working with standard normal distributions, then the NORM.S.INV function is slightly faster to use. With this function, the mean is always 0 and the standard deviation is always 1. The only argument is the probability. The connection between the two functions is: NORM.INV(Probability, 0, 1) NORM.S.INV(Probability) For any other normal distributions, we must use the NORM.INV function.

Policy Evaluation Findings and Recommendations Paper WK5 BPA 303 Essay

Policy Evaluation Findings and Recommendations Paper WK5 BPA 303 - Essay Example Social service programs are to be devised that could identify the social needs of children and their parents such as food, clothing and housing and ensure that these services are continuously available to families. The company currently has a policy that they comprehensively meet cognitive and academic needs of children; however, the organization must be focused towards providing development of a child across all domains (Chicago Department, 2010). The Federal Government should form a body of stakeholders that could address the matters of the organization and to assemble their workforce. The government should convene a pool of professionals that could be able to provide their suggestions voluntarily to generate more funds for the organization. The Federal Government should also develop a team of researchers that could find out new ways to teach young children and to improve their learning standards. The involvement of the family is the key to early learning of childhood which could help in successful parent engagement (Chicago Department,

The death penalty of Kasab Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The death penalty of Kasab - Essay Example A major ethical issue is whether the death penalty of Ajmal Amir Kasab was justified or not as several agencies of human rights and the leaders of several minority groups have asked this question against the decision or verdict of The Indian Supreme Court as according to them, death penalty cannot be justified in any case. The death penalty of Ajmal Kasab can be considered as one of the favorite debatable or argumentative topics. The article mentioned in the appendix is full of ethical issues as Ajmal Kasab killed innocent people without any reason only for the sake of terrorism and religion. On the other hand, human rights and the leaders of minority groups demanded mercy of Kasab for the sake of ethics and non-violence. Therefore, it can be considered as an ethical issue. Argumentative Analysis There are two different types of ethical theories regarding the source of value and integrity, such as non-consequential reasoning and consequential reasoning. The ethical issue in the death penalty of Kasab will be discussed through the use of the above mentioned theories. Consequential Reasoning It is true that ethical theorists or thinkers have criticized the effectiveness and justification of consequential reasoning as this ethical reasoning generally ignores the basic value of moral assumptions and categories. A consequential theory generally judges the wrongness or rightness of a particular action based on the consequences of a specific action.

The Necklace by Guy de Maupassant Essay -- Guy Maupassant Necklace Ess

The Necklace by Guy de Maupassant ?The Necklace? The theme of Guy de Maupassant story ?The Necklace? seems to be suggested by the line, ?What would have happened if Mathilde had not lost the necklace. Mathilde Loisel grew up in poverty and had no expectations in life. When she got married, her and her husband would sit around the dinner table and imagine they were eating a luxurious meal. They would imagine using shiny silverware and eating their meal on marvelous plates. Together, they had nothing. Mathilde had no clothes, no jewels, and only one friend. One day her husband came home from work and handed her an invitation they had received to attend a ball. Her husband thought that she would be enthusiastic about it, however she busted out in tears. She wanted to attend, yet she had no dress to wear. After digging in to money they had been trying to saved, Mathilde purchased a dress for the ball. As the ball drew near, Mathilde decided she still needed something more to finish off the dress they had just spent ...

British Rule in India to the French One in Algeria Essay

Critically Compare the British Rule in India to the French one in Algeria. Throughout the nineteenth century, the rivalling countries of Britain and France were both looking to expand into different continents and build a successful empire. There are many reasons for this thirst for expansion, including economic growth and territorial gains. According to Gildea the emergence of non-European countries such as United States and Japan as great powers fuelled the nationalistic appetite for the extension of borders and influence. The British rule in India; later coined the ‘British Raj’, began in 1858 and although coming under much strain in periods throughout, lasted until 1947 when they were finally given their independence. The French rule in Algeria spanned from 1830 to 1962 following the conclusion of the Algerian War and the signing of the Evian agreements. It is clear when examining both the rules of Great Britain in India and France in Algeria that there were signific ant differences in the ways the two countries were ran. The French used military might to control the population and quell any uprisings; one instigator of such revolts was Abd al-Kader. These heavy handed tactics seemed to be less successful when compared to how the British reacted to Indian violence. Great Britain decided to grant concessions when faced by fierce opposition limiting the amount turmoil and essentially making it easier to diplomatically push western ideas upon them. France’s colonisation of Algeria was not the first time that they had tried to expand their borders and compete on a world stage with the other world powers, infact before looking to Africa France had the second largest empire in the world, second only to Great Britain. In 1605 France had secured a territory in what is now Nova Scotia in Canada. Throughout the 17th century they had been highly successful in adding much of the North American continent, also the West Indies. However after a string of conflicts such the ‘Seven Years War (1756-1763)’ and the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815) the other world powers had been successful in annexing these territories from France. The end of what has been labelled the ‘First French Empire’ was now coming to an end. In 1830 during a meeting between the French ambassador and the Algerian Dey regarding loans and trade the Dey struck the French ambassador with a fly whip. This act is said to be the final trigger cause which lead to the French occupation. However it is a wider known fact that there was a distinct lack of political support for the new monarchy and this act of war would help stir up national pride and increase confidence. Whilst appearing on the front of it a petty reason for declaring war on a country and occupying it for 132 years, there are other motives behind the bold political decision to initiate a ‘Second French Empire’. Algeria was seen to be of high strategic significance as it offered a springboard into the rest of Africa, including such nations as Tunisia, Libya and Niger. Gildea agrees with this argument noting â€Å"Algeria, which it [France] occupied in 1830, was the cornerstone of her Mediterranean and African ambitions†. Therefore, by occupying Algeria and furthermore Congo and Niger in 1880 they had secured themselves once more as a successful Empire capable of competing in the world stage. In 1869 the Suez Canal was officially opened for traffic, this narrow strip of water dissecting what is now Saudi Arabia on one side and Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia and Somalia, offered a significantly faster shipping route into the East. It also eradicated the need for trading ships to visit the perilous coastline of Cape Horn in South Africa where piracy was rife. This vital water passage was also utilised by the British in order to transport good to India. The East India Trading Company was founded in 1600 with the purpose of travelling to Asia in search of previously unsourced trading links. They operated under the authority of the British crown and even controlled a military force. They were responsible for directly trying to impose Western beliefs and cultures on India much too soon in the occupation and too forcefully. This lead to a largely hostile reception and in 1857 there was a large scale rebellion. The British had been religiously insensitive towards both the Hindu and Muslim populations. The British had issued new gunpowder cartridges which were believed to be greased using cow or pig fat. This practice would have been unacceptable by both the Hindu and Muslim sepoys, however it wasn’t just the Bengal Army who wished to be rid of the British; the Indian aristocracy had lost vast amounts of power and influence. Officials such as Sir Thomas Munro could see little use in â€Å"a parasitic land owning class† commenting on how preferential methods of governance would be village communities as â€Å"it fitted better with the europeanized and more efficient type of administration that had been built up during the nineteenth century† The British leant many lessons from the 1857 Rebellion, and as subsequently the British Raj was created. This is a far more sympathetic approach t o ruling over India. No longer did the British Government and the East India Trading Company underestimate the need to be culturally aware. This issue of religion and culture provides a distinction between the British methods in the India and the French methods in Algeria. In comparison the French continually used military force to repress uprisings. Abd al-Kader, as previously mentioned was an instigator of such uprisings, however after the French Army swelled in size it became possible for them to employ ‘scorched-earth’ tactics, ferociously supressing the local population, consequently al-Kader was forced to surrender in 1847 . In the late 19th Century France began emigrating large numbers of Europeans into Algeria, â€Å"By 1881 there were 300,000 Europeans (Half of them French) in an area of 2.5 million Arabs.†Another example of France trying to reduce Islamic culture comes from after the Second World War. Charles de Gaulle; the leader of the French provisional government offered to grant French citizenship to certain Algerian Muslims, however in doing so they would essential renounce their faith and religion. In India Britain used a ‘divide and rule’ policy in order to retain peace. Akhtar Sandhu suggests â€Å"the British adopted the policy to maintain harmony and peace. They valued unity and tranquillity in the British India.† These are the act of a â€Å"conqueror who decides to stay and rule†. It is clear that the British way of integrating Western culture within Indian society was more successful than the equivalent process involving the French in Algeria. This can be seen from the fact that within the upper classes of Indian society a new elite was being born. These people had respected professions, such as â€Å"lawyers, doctors, teachers, journalists and businessmen†, they had â€Å"established a Western life-style using the English language and English schools† Outside the upper class Great Britain had introduced Western technology to help improve the livelihood of the population. The introduction of railways and the improvement of irrigation methods had improved both industrial and agricultural efficiency. In Algeria the French also brought about Western civilisation to some extent, creating schools and building cities as well as constructing hospitals, however they spent 162 years with almost constant violence. Their eagerness to us military force to resolve issues lead to resentment from many Algerian nationals. In Conclusion, there were a number of similarities when looking at the resistance of the colonial occupation in both Algeria and India, however what differed is the reactions of the occupying country’s and how they learnt from their mistakes. The British at first tried to force Western ideals against the Hindu and Muslim Indians. However they quickly learnt that countering their revolts with over aggressive military action was counter-intuitive to their cause. Instead they began to offer concessions in order to appease the nationals. The policy of divide and rule ensured there would be minimal friction between the multiplicities of religious beliefs. In contrast the French confronted violent upheaval with similarly vicious tactics such as the policy of ‘scorched-earth’ instead of pacifying the African ideals. However, both the French and British Empires did to differing extents manage to integrate Western technologies such as railways and modern irrigation methods. In addition both occupations were valuable building blocks in which to expand their empires; France into Africa and Great Britain into Asia. Bibliography -Carter., M, From the East India Company to the Suez Canal, (Duke, 2004), pp. 667-668 -French Colonial Empires, http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/imperialism/notes/frenchempire.html, (Accessed 10th January 2012) -Gildea., R, Barricades and Borders: Europe 1800 – 1914, Third Edition (Oxford, 2003) pp. 337 -Gildea., R, Barricade and Borders: Europe 1800-1914, Third Edition, (Oxford, 2003), pp. 338 -Jones., J, Algerian Independence, http://courses.wcupa.edu/jones/his312/lectures/algeria.htm, (accessed 8th January 2012) -Pritchard., J.S, In search of Empire: the French in the Americas, 1670-1730, (Cambridge, 2004) – Sandhu., A.H Reality of ‘Divide and Rule’ in British India, Pakistan Journal of History and Culture, Vol.XXX, No.1, 2009 -Thompson, E and Garratt., E.T, History of British rule in India, Volume 2, (Cambridge,1999), pp. 426 -Tanford., L.S, Countries and their Culture: Algeria, http://www.everyculture.com/A-Bo/Algeria.html#b, (accessed 14th January 2012)

Ideas About What Constitutes A Family In Australia Has

Ideas about what constitutes a family in Australia has changed throughout history (Featherstone Smaal, 2013). As a result, a wide range of social, cultural and historical changes have influenced family social work today (Collins, Jordan Coleman, 2013). This essay will explore social and cultural changes in Australia over the past fifty years and how these particular changes affect social work practice within families, young people and children. In addition, this essay will provide a personal reflection of the author’s family experiences, and how these experiences will influence the author’s social work practice with children, young people and families. This personal reflection will also identify the strengths that the author holds in†¦show more content†¦Bengtson (2001) states that due to an increase in single-parent families resulting from divorce, there is an increase in children becoming victims of poverty when living in female-headed families. According t o Popnoe (as cited in Bengtson, 2001) the increase in economical struggles and decline in the overall well-being of children in mother-headed families has been strongly correlated with the absence of fathers in families today. Furthermore, the negative consequences of divorce on children and young people has also been prominently discussed in literature. Howe (1999) states that in the 1996 census, the number of children of divorce was the highest ever in Australia. Studies reveal that for many children, an initial trauma lasting for a year occurs after the parents have divorced (Howe, 1999). In addition, young people from divorced families have reported experiencing lower levels of satisfaction with various dimensions of life and higher levels of psychological distress and depression (Chase-Landsdale, Cherlin, Kiernan, 1995). Social work practice, therefore recognises the need to accept diversity in families and the effect that changing family structures can have on the social, eco nomical and psychological well-being of children, young people and families. â€Å"Australia has a unique history that has formed the diversity of its peoples, their cultures and lifestyle today† (Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), 2011, p. 1). ABS (2011) report states that AustraliaShow MoreRelatedAustralian Government Department Of Education1725 Words   |  7 Pagesand becoming, in the early childhood development, further it looks into the mechanisms and systems that will seek to close down the existing gaps between the education and studies distribution among the indigenous and non-indigenous citizens of Australia. This document is an analytical document describing the framework and the way a child between 0 to 5 years should be up brought to ensure that their potential is tapped fully, this is supported by the author when he tries to compare several scenariosRead MoreAnylizing Concepts of Justice in to Kill a Mockingbird1660 Words   |  7 Pagescentral text, To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, and related texts, films Rabbit Proof Fence by Phillip Noyce and In the Name of the Father by Jim Sheridan, my understanding of the concept of justice, or what constitutes justice, has altered considerably. We all think we know what justice is, or what it should be. In Australian colloquial terms, it is the principle of a â€Å"fair go† for everyone. In a perfect world, everyone is treated fairly. No-one is subjected to discrimination on the basis of raceRead MoreThe Migration Of Diaspora And Diaspora Studies Essay1727 Words   |  7 Pages‘Diaspora’ has its roots in the Greek wor d Diaspeirein – â€Å"to scatter about, disperse†. Dia means â€Å"about, across† and Speirein means â€Å"to scatter. Earlier, Diaspora was used to refer to citizens of a dominant city who immigrated to a conquered land with the purpose of colonization, to absorb the territory into the empire. That is why there are a lot of arguments between scholars as to what ‘Diaspora’ and ‘Diaspora studies’ mean. Diaspora is located between cultures, between majority and minorityRead MoreIs Community Accommodations Work?884 Words   |  4 PagesAs human beings, we all have our own values, notions and postures that we have developed throughout the course of our lives. Our family, friends, community and the experiences we have had all contribute to our sense of who we are and how we view the world. As community accommodations workers, we are often working with people who are vulnerable and/or who may live a lifestyle that mainstream society views as being different or unacceptable. As a community accommodati ons worker, we are to provideRead MoreWhat Does Inclusive Education Means? Essay1626 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"What does inclusive education mean for me as a teacher in 2014 and beyond? â€Å" In first being able to define inclusive education, it is necessary to understand the diversity of the student population. Disability comes in my varying forms and can be physical, sensory, intellectual, mental health and emotional, developmental, and non-visible (e.g. asthma). If disability was the only agent to consider in the diversity scenario things would be easier for teachers but there are a number of other classificationsRead MoreGreek American Ethnicity Among Age Cohorts Under Changing Condition1389 Words   |  6 Pagesothers where we find ourselves so closely related to a mere stranger. In this essay, I will compare and contrast two very different communities and how their affluence and perseverance in this wonderful melting pot of cultures that we call America has come to be. I will be discussing Stavros Constantinou and Milton Harvey’s â€Å"The persistence of Greek American Ethnicity among Age Cohorts under changing condition† in comparison to Elizabeth C hacko and Ivan Cheung â€Å"The formation of Contemporary ethnicRead MoreThe Practice Of Genital Mutilation1741 Words   |  7 Pagespracticed in Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, and India. Some immigrants practice various forms of FGC in other parts of the world, including Australia, Cana-da, New Zealand, the United States, and in European nations. Circumcision is a religious or cultural ritual for many Jewish and Islamic families, as well as certain aboriginal tribes in Africa and Australia for men. Circumcisions for men are preformed all over the world. Female genital mutilation is the term in reference to non-medical circumcisionRead MoreComm 1011470 Words   |  6 PagesPrinciples of Responsible Commerce Tutorial Preparation Week 3 (The Ford Pinto) 1. What moral issues does the Pinto case raise? The Ford Pinto case in (Shaw, Barry amp; Sansbury 2009, p97) stated that Ford decided to continue produce the Pinto without making an improvement regardless of consumers’ safety because its prototype tests did not meet the safety requirement of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. They should not put the value of money prioritise than human life. FirstlyRead MoreFamily as a Social Institution Essay1518 Words   |  7 PagesFamily as a Social Institution The word family originally meant A Band Of Slaves.(Coontz 1999) It is worth noting this when looking at the origins of Families. For even when the word came to apply to persons affiliated by blood and marriage this was more in relation to the notion of families as authority relations rather than our modern terminology being of families as groups of loved ones. It is also important to note that marriage in those other thanRead More Australian Family Law Essays1930 Words   |  8 Pagesmany variations of what constitutes a couple or family in comparison to many years ago. Long ago the idea of a ‘nuclear family’ was considered the norm; it consisted of the conventional husband, wife and children . But as our society progressed through the years this definition became less conventional and criticisms were made, this definition of ‘family’ did not account for gay unions, soul parents nor did it acknowledge the prevalence of extended family. The definition of family has changed over time